Noun

الاسم

The noun

The noun: is a word used as the name of a person, place or thing.

Kinds of the noun

Kinds of the noun in the sentences.

1.     proper noun (اسم علم)

2.     Pronoun (ضمير)

3.     Adjective (صفة)

4.     Adverb(ظرف)

5.     Demonstrative (اسم اشارة)

6.     Relative اسم موصول))

7.      Time adverb (ظرف زمان)

8.     Location adverb ( ظرف مكان)

Types of the noun

The noun in Arabic has many of types according to what it is divided into.

Gender

Nouns are divided into 2 types according to gender:

اسم مذكر asim mouthakar masculine noun	اسم مؤنث asim mo'anath Feminine noun
طَالِبٌ Student (masc.)	طَالِبَة ٌ Student (fem.)

Definite / Indefinite

Nouns are divided into 2 types according to the definite nouns and indefinite nouns:

 

اسم نكِرة asim nakirah Indefinite noun	اسم معرِفة asim ma'rifah Definite noun
طَالِب Student	الطَّالِب The student
كِتَابٌ a book	الْكِتَابُ The book

Numbers

Nouns are divided into 3 kinds according to the numbers: 

مُفْرَدٌ Singular noun	مُثَنَّى Dual noun	جَمْعٌ Plural
طَالِبٌ one student	طَالِبَانِ two student	طُلَّاب more than 2 student

Intellect / Non-intellect

Nouns are divided into 2 kinds according to the intellect and non-intellect:

عَاقِلٌ Intellect	غَيْرُ عَاقِلٍ non-intellect
طَالِبٌ a student	بَيْتٌ a house

The last letter

Nouns are divided into 4 kinds according to the last letter.

اسم صحيح It is ending by any letter except ((اء, ((ـى or ((ـي	اسم ممدود It is ending by ((اء	اسم مقصور It is ending by ((ـى	اسم منقوص It is ending by ((ـي
كتاب	صحراء	هدى	قاضي
سارة	سماء	مستشفى	جاري

How I know if this word is a noun or verb or Particle?

Ok, there some things if we notice it. It will help us to know if this word is a noun or no.

Ex:

سامي يكتبُ الدرس  

Sami writes the lesson.

Sami in this word is a subject, so it is a noun.

Some things help us to know the noun.

1.     position of word in the sentences such as: (subject –  direct object)

2.     by adding prefix (ال ) before the noun, because this prefix only is adding to nouns, it never comes with verb or Particle

3.     Type of noun help us to know if word is noun or no, such as: (proper noun – Pronoun – Adjective – Adverb – Demonstrative – Relative - Time adverb - Location adverb)

4.     Type of number ( singular, dual or plural)

5.     If the word is coming after one of Preposition

( في – إلى – على – مِن - .... ), immediately it must be a noun  

6.   Interjection: that means we use interjection with noun, we never use it with verb or particle

7.     Arabic Double Vowels (nunation), that means tanwin is comes with nouns only, it never comes with verb or particle

8.     Genitive case: that means we compound nouns together to make new complex nouns (Composite speech)

 Such as: كتاب سارة  = Sarah’s book.
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